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Showing posts from October, 2020

PART 1 - THINGS TO KNOW BEFORE FILING DEFAMATION COMPLAINT

Being aggrieved of the ruthless comments made upon Birbal by Akbar (His Majesty) in front of the entire Darbar, Birbal has decided to file a Defamation Complaint before the Court of Law. (If you feel clueless, read the first paragraph of - PREVIEW OF DEFAMATION COMPLAINTS PROCEDURE ) Also, Birbal is clueless about the legal process, so he approached Me ( Note: this anecdote is fictional, if you have not realized till now). I had to tell him the following information to make him aware about “Defamation Case Procedures in Indian Courts” in exchange of some legal-fee of course: SECTION 499: Defamation is a Criminal offence under Section 499 of Indian Penal Code . This legal provision contains the legal definition of ‘Defamation’, which has to be followed by Courts and the judicial fraternity in order to convict or acquit an Accused person.   Short-Gyan: Did you know that making defamatory comments against a dead individual is also a criminal defamation offence!   PUNISHMENT: Upon

WHAT ARE BAIL CONDITIONS AND HOW TO FULFILL THEM?

This shorticle, being the last-one from the series – “HOW TO INITIATE/DEFEND CRIMINAL ACTION” , focuses on the very last activity that an Accused person has to undergo so as to obtain Bail. QUICK RECAP: 1.    Accused is arrested. 2.    Accused is produced before Magistrate. 3.    Magistrate confirms the same and decides to continue his Police custody. 4.    After some time, Magistrate decides to change the custody from Police custody to Judicial Custody (i.e. in Jail as undertrial prisoner). 5.    Advocate of Accused files a Bail Application before Magistrate. 6.    Magistrate grants Bail to Accused after executing a CERTAIN AMOUNT OF BOND or SURETY , and also imposes certain CONDITIONS . WHAT IS BOND and SURETY & WHAT ARE THESE CONDITIONS: The Judge, while passing a Bail Order directs the Accused person to execute a Bond with or without Sureties for a certain amount of money. To make the above sentence a tad-bit easier, a BOND is nothing but a personal guarant

WHAT IS THE COURT PROCEDURE INVOLVED IN GETTING BAIL?

After getting to know about the Drafting part of a Bail Application from the last shorticle , now, I can finally address the elephant in the room – What is the Court Procedure Involved in Obtaining Bail? Let us break the whole process into 03 layers for everyone's easy understanding: (a)   FILING Stage; (b)   HEARING Stage; and (c)   EXECUTION Stage.   A.    FILING STAGE It goes without saying that in order to obtain a Bail order from the Court, you have to first approach the Court in the right manner. Following is considered to be the right manner of filing Bail Application before the Mumbai Sessions Court: 1.    Cross-Check: Cross-check if you have printed your Bail Application on Green-Ledger papers in the below mentioned order: a.     Bail Application (Paste Court Fee worth Rs. 10) b.    List of Documents: This is a mere bullet-list of all the exhibited documents. c.     Exhibits (i.e. Exhibit A; Exhibit B; Exhibit C and so on) d.    Vakalatnama

HOW TO DRAFT A BAIL APPLICATION?

PART 1: DRAFTING THE BAIL APPLICATION The last shorticle pointed towards the change in situation of a case when the Chargesheet (a.k.a. “ Final Report ” under section 173 CrPC) is filed by Police, which opens a window for the Accused to apply for Bail before the Magistrate/Sessions Court, as the case maybe. Why the filing of Chargesheet by Police is considered as a good occassion to file Bail Application? Chargesheet filed = Investigation finished The very reason behind filing a Bail Application after when the Chargesheet is filed is because the Police, through this Chargesheet, have submitted their FINAL REPORT to the Magistrate with regards to the alleged crime committed by the Accused person. This Final Report (or Chargesheet) contains statements of Accused person(s), witnesses, Post Mortem Report and all other documents relevant to the crime as recorded/obtained by the Police, which is considered to be a conclusion of an exhaustive investigation done by the appointed I.O. (